数字化时代应加快提升工业企业工控安全保障能力******
“工控安全作为网络安全的重要组成部分,是实施制造强国和网络强国的重要基石,更是促进我国制造业转型升级、国民经济高质量发展的基础。国家工信安全中心将在工信部的指导下,全面深化工控安全保障能力建设;加强技术攻关与标准研制;营造良好的行业生态环境,为推进我国工业信息化、智能化转型发展,构建安全、稳定的工业运行环境贡献智慧与力量。”在2022年中国工业信息安全大会工业控制系统安全专题论坛上,国家工业信息安全发展研究中心副主任郝志强这样说。
1月10日,由国家工业信息安全发展研究中心、工业信息安全产业发展联盟主办,北京珞安科技有限责任公司独家承办的2022年中国工业信息安全大会工业控制系统安全专题论坛在京举行。与会人员围绕工业控制系统安全领域前沿热点话题展开讨论,聚焦工业控制系统安全防护能力建设,分享工控安全前沿防护理念、技术创新成果和优秀案例,在工业信息化、数字化、智能化转型的时代背景下,为工控安全行业发展探索方向。
“工业安全是实施制造强国和网络强国战略的基础与保障。当前,工业网络环境波诡云谲变幻莫测,工业控制系统安全面临巨大威胁与挑战。”珞安科技董事长张晓东表示,我们将发挥自身优势,加快提升工业企业工控安全保障能力,为工业生产安全及两化融合健康可持续发展撑起“保护伞”,为制造强国和网络强国战略实施筑牢“防护墙”。
以油气行业为例,中国石油集团工程技术研究院信息中心副总经理梅运谊表示,油气物联网体系框架完整、技术框架相对成熟、应用场景丰富,由于终端种类多、规模大、难监管,数据量大且分散、风险大,安全防护能力不足等原因,面临巨大安全挑战。油气田企业应从技术防护、防护管理、防护运营等方面出发,结合油气物联网实际状况,构建覆盖感知层、网络层和应用层的综合安全防护体系。
近年来,中国电子技术标准化研究院致力于工控安全标准的宣贯推广,制定了工控安全贯标工作的完整流程、开发了贯标服务平台,贯穿工控安全防护设计、建设、运维的全生命周期,切实提升工业企业信息安全防护水平和能力。“全球范围内工业信息安全事件频发,我国工控安全问题突出。国家对于工控安全问题高度重视,陆续出台工控安全相关政策法规和标准,对相关工作进行指导规范。”中国电子技术标准化研究院工控安全实验室运营总监夏冀说。
针对工业控制系统网络安全常见问题,国家工信安全中心检查评估所研究发现,工业企业在安全管理和安全技术等方面存在安全配置策略缺失、边界防护薄弱、设备安全漏洞、主机防护不足、安全管理体系不健全和供应商管理缺陷等典型问题。国家工业信息安全发展研究中心检查评估所副所长于盟建议,工业企业应从安全管理机制、安全协调小组、安全管理责任人、安全责任制和安全防护措施等六个方面落实工控安全责任,加快工控安全防护建设,做好工控安全工作。
伴随工业智能化的发展,工业基础设施与IT系统深度融合,工业走向互联与开放。绿盟科技工业互联网及物联网安全首席专家王晓鹏表示,鉴于工业形态多样的特性,现有安全架构在解决多工业场景下网络安全问题时缺乏灵活的适配能力。构建弹性灵活的安全防护体系,对于智能化发展的工业企业来说显得越发重要。绿盟科技提出构建弹性的、融合多元资源的安全能力以解决工业发展中的安全困扰。(记者 李政葳 刘昊)
中新网评:处理核污水绝不是日本自家私事******
中新网北京1月19日电(蒋鲤)日本政府近日称,将于2023年春夏期间开始向海洋排放经过处理的福岛第一核电站核污水。日本罔顾国内民众及周边国家的屡屡反对,企图将核污水“一倒了之”,把一件关乎全球海洋生态环境和公众健康的事当成了自家私事。
资料图:日本福岛第一核电站。2011年,福岛核电站事故发生后,大量放射性物质泄漏到大气层和太平洋,对周围环境造成了难以逆转的伤害,数十万人被迫撤离该地区。时至今日,作为日本邻国之一的韩国仍未解除福岛海鲜禁令。
日本以核污水存储能力即将达到上限为由,在2021年4月13日,正式决定将福岛第一核电站核污水排入太平洋。过去一年多,日本政府和东京电力公司一直在持续推进核污水排海计划。
日本政府辩称,这些核污水经多核素处理系统(ALPS)处理后很安全,甚至“可以喝”,这样的表态无疑在愚弄大众。
事实上,经过处理的核污水仍含有多种放射性物质,核污水一旦排放入海就无法回收,长期来看,将会给海洋生态带来难以估量的潜在威胁,最终危害人类健康。
因此,核污水排海计划推出后,遭到日本民众强烈反对。日本《朝日新闻》2022年3月公布的问卷调查显示,福岛县、宫城县和岩手县受访的42个市町村长中,约六成反对东京电力公司福岛第一核电站核污水排放入海。日本全国渔业协会联合会也多次申明立场,反对该计划。
日本政府认为,核污水排海是最便宜、最省事的解决方案,但此举却将周边国家乃至全世界置于核污染风险中。太平洋非日本一家之海,核污水会随着洋流流动,其影响势必会跨越国界,危害周边国家乃至整个国际社会的公共福祉和利益。
《韩国经济新闻》发文称,相关研究认为,福岛核污水如果排放入海,约7个月后将到达济州等韩国海域,该国水产业和旅游业将遭受相当大的损失。
德国南极海洋机构也曾发出警告,若日本将所有核污水排入海中,不到半年,整个太平洋都将面临高度辐射威胁,包括远在大洋另一端的美国。太平洋地区人民更是对日本该计划持反对意见。
日本作为《联合国海洋法公约》缔约国,有义务保护海洋环境。然而,在核污水排海方案的正当性、核污水数据的可靠性、净化装置的有效性、环境影响的不确定性等问题上,日本未能作出科学、可信的说明。
国际原子能机构技术工作组虽已三次赴日实地考察评估,但尚未就日排海方案的安全性给出结论,并且对日本提出诸多澄清要求和整改意见。在此情况下,日本仍执意推进核污水排海工程建设,这是极不负责任的行为。
太平洋不是日本的下水道,日本必须正视各方合理关切,在与周边国家等相关利益方和国际原子能机构充分协商后,制定合理的核污水处理方案。日本也要着眼长远,若只顾眼前,执意将核污水排放入海,不仅其自身,周边国家乃至全世界都将为之买单,其后果必将会危害数代人。
Fukushima water disposal by no means Japan’s own business
By John Lee
(ECNS) -- Japan has announced it will release treated wastewater from the wrecked Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Pacific Ocean this year.
Although Fukushima wastewater disposal affects global marine ecological environment protection and public health, Japan has turned a deaf ear to domestic and international opposition to dumping the contaminated water into the sea, treating the "global" matter as its own business.
The Fukushima accident in 2011 had sent large quantities of radiation into the atmosphere and the Pacific Ocean, causing irreversible damage to the surrounding environment, and hundreds of thousands of people were forced to evacuate the area. South Korea still maintains its import ban on Japanese seafood from areas affected by the Fukushima nuclear disaster.
On April 13, 2021, Japan announced it had decided to discharge contaminated radioactive wastewater in Fukushima Prefecture into the sea due to dwindling storage space, with the Japanese government and plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc. promoting the release plan over the past year.
The Japanese government argues that the water treated by an advanced liquid processing system, or ALPS, is safe and drinkable, which is undoubtedly fooling the public.
In fact, the treated wastewater still includes a variety of radioactive substances and can’t be recycled once discharged into the sea, which will pose a great threat to marine ecology and ultimately endanger human health in the long run.
Therefore, the discharge plan has been strongly opposed in Japan. According to a questionnaire conducted by The Asahi Shimbun, nearly 60 percent of mayors of 42 municipalities in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures oppose the discharge plan. The National Fisheries Cooperative Federation of Japan has also repeatedly stated its opposition in public.
The Japanese government believes that dumping Fukushima wastewater into the sea is the cheapest and most convenient solution, but neighboring countries and even the whole world will be at risk of nuclear pollution.
The Pacific Ocean doesn’t belong to Japan and the wastewater flow along oceanic currents will surely break boundaries and endanger public welfare and the interests of neighboring countries and even the international community.
The Korea Economic Daily reported that related research concluded that if contaminated water from Fukushima is released into the ocean, it would only take seven months for the contaminated water to reach the shores of Jeju Island, with the country's aquaculture and tourism suffering considerable losses.
According to the calculation of a German marine scientific research institute, radioactive materials will spread to most of the Pacific Ocean within half a year from the date of discharge, and the U.S. and Canada will be affected by nuclear pollution. People in the Pacific region also oppose the discharge plan.
As a participant of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Japan has the obligation of protecting the marine environment.
However, it hasn’t offered a full and convincing explanation on issues like the legitimacy of the discharge plan, the reliability of data on the nuclear-contaminated water, the efficacy of the treatment system or the uncertainty of environmental impact.
Though the IAEA has yet to complete a comprehensive review after three investigations in Japan, the Japanese side has been pushing through the approval process for its discharge plan and even started building facilities for the discharge. It is rather irresponsible for Japan to act against public opinion at home and concerns abroad.
The Pacific Ocean is not a private Japanese sewer. The country must seriously heed the voices of the international community and make a reasonable plan for the Fukushima wastewater disposal after full consultation with stakeholders and international agencies.
If it only seeks instant interest and insists on discharging the contaminated water into the sea, not only itself, but also its neighboring countries and the entire world will pay for the decision and several generations will be forced to bear the consequence.
(文图:赵筱尘 巫邓炎) [责编:天天中] 阅读剩余全文() |